tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60183382217887637882024-02-02T13:05:10.041+08:00回到原点如果你不做,機會是零。做的話,即使千萬分之ㄧ也是機會 / 愛要耐心等待仔細尋找感覺很重要 / 停損是一種美德,"貪"跟"貧"只差一劃而已 / 如果你接受不到,那你應該不要開始,而不是在開始了之後,才去覺得辛苦,不開心,而妄想去改變事情。/ 你不會作期貨的時候,你就想想撲克牌要怎麼打,期貨就是那樣作。/ 常常有投資人會問
現在適不適合買進
其實真正要問的是
適合買進就真的可以買進了嗎
不要期望得到別人的答案
因為別人的風險不是你能夠所承擔的
也不是一買進後馬上就會飆漲
你把你自己的帳戶損益
交給別人”建議”是很不切實際的
更何況當您得知適合買進的時候
可能只是在幫人抬轎
交易要對自己負責
因為買進也是有風險的Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.comBlogger873125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-56541503524216935562015-11-18T21:32:00.001+08:002015-11-19T21:30:21.215+08:00Solar Cityhttp://xueqiu.com/talks/item/20121500<br />
<br />
http://xueqiu.com/7724837100<br />
<br />
http://www.fool.com/investing/general/2015/10/29/solarcity-earnings-shining-the-light-on-losses.aspx<br />
<br />
http://www.ne21.com/news/show-64150.html<br />
<br />
http://lihao.baijia.baidu.com/article/131035 Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-14964347416843407902015-04-17T00:01:00.005+08:002015-05-01T18:11:56.728+08:00Tmn Daya low cost landed house for rent<h2>
<b style="font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; line-height: 16.7999992370605px;"><span style="color: red; font-size: large;">RENT OUT</span></b></h2>
<h2>
<b style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 16.7999992370605px;">Tmn Daya low cost landed house for rent</b></h2>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 16.7999992370605px;"><b>Jln Nibong</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #222222; font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 16.7999992370605px;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
<b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">full furnish extend kitchen, partial furniture</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">2 room, 1 toilet.</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Available MAY 2015</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></b>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 16.7999992370605px;">RM 650. Pls WhatsApp <complete id="goog_1054679968">+65 </complete>96437082 or call 07-2231918. Owner.</span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; line-height: 16.7999992370605px;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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Liv room Partial Furniture</div>
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room1 </div>
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room2 (actually is empty, this is old picture)</div>
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Kitchen (with fridge)</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkz-Mo1rhSg_FSUazaEY64rlatQg2rZfE07CZ334jzvOjooGaBM95O0W5dLRbVgC-nmq1PfkHZ1O3yT2qJKK3FW7d31YbKz7AmH8c9hNX9tk7e_K-y1MtDuypQKq94-t9dYVm5R8eYQXMK/s1600/Photo_0006.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkz-Mo1rhSg_FSUazaEY64rlatQg2rZfE07CZ334jzvOjooGaBM95O0W5dLRbVgC-nmq1PfkHZ1O3yT2qJKK3FW7d31YbKz7AmH8c9hNX9tk7e_K-y1MtDuypQKq94-t9dYVm5R8eYQXMK/s1600/Photo_0006.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
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上証長線轉折出現 多頭格局成形?</h2>
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<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b>sgx china ETF</b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
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<span data-reactid=".6n.1:3:1:$comment10152626875852035_10152626980452035:0.0.$right.0.$left.0.0.1" style="background-color: #f6f7f8; color: #141823; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12.8640003204346px;"><span data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-reactid=".6n.1:3:1:$comment10152626875852035_10152626980452035:0.0.$right.0.$left.0.0.1.$comment-body"><span class="UFICommentBody" data-reactid=".6n.1:3:1:$comment10152626875852035_10152626980452035:0.0.$right.0.$left.0.0.1.$comment-body.0"><span data-reactid=".6n.1:3:1:$comment10152626875852035_10152626980452035:0.0.$right.0.$left.0.0.1.$comment-body.0.$end:0:$0:0"><b><span style="font-size: large;">从八月起涨算起 cimbc50 lousy, JK8 is good, sgd2.35 only</span></b></span></span></span></span><br />
<div data-reactid=".6n.1:3:1:$comment10152626875852035_10152626980452035:0.0.$right.0.$left.0.0.6" style="background-color: #f6f7f8; color: #141823; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; line-height: 12.8640003204346px;">
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概念文章</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-90009388834954966802015-01-05T08:14:00.004+08:002015-04-17T00:33:35.762+08:00Setia tropika 2nd floor office space for rentSetia tropika 2nd floor office space for rent.<br />
3X, jalan setia tropika 1/25<br />
<br />
aircon pipe and lighting ready<br />
<br />
RM1500 nego. Pls WhatsApp <complete id="goog_1054679971">+65 </complete>96437082 or call 07-2231918. Owner.<br />
<br />
http://www.mudah.my/vi/32648520.htm<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-35149211464171851332014-03-18T21:53:00.002+08:002014-03-18T21:53:37.779+08:00別把投資建立在希望上<span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">BY GOLDEN TRADER</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">別把投資建立在希望上 Trader </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">有些行業是感性的,有些行業是理性的,而理性與感性幾乎天生地水</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">火不容,但是我們這個行業,非得兩者交融,否則無法成功,而且,</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">不只是要將感性、理性交融在我們這樣一個人身上達到那樣夠難了吧</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">,但絕對不夠。該怎麼形容這種融合,我只能儘量這樣比擬,就是要</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">將兩個感性、理性各分的人,融合成至少總得分要到單一個人。我覺</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">得,主動去學習、感觸、堅持的原動力並非純粹來自於金錢,而主要</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">是一種追尋的浪漫;觀盤時,在個人心中所出現整個如海浪般的均線</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">,以及浪花般的線,最後浪拍岸邊到底會形成怎樣的一個驚絕,那是</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">感性的極至。但是,你終就是要交易的,這時,絕對的理性必須登場</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">。</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">任何交易都要有一套計劃在手上,無論是長線、中線、短線,甚至當</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">沖,我永遠都有一套交易計劃。它是交易裡不可或缺的重要操作依據</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">,就像開車時手握的方向盤一樣,沒有它,交易時沒有方向感,就很</span><wbr style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></wbr><span class="word_break" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline-block; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">容易像券商交易廳的群眾,往往迷失</span><span class="text_exposed_show" style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; display: inline; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">在市場的雜音之中。<br /><br />開車迷失於路途之中,家還容易回,因為我們有種方式去解決;交易<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>迷失於市場之中,嚴重一點是有家歸不得,豈可不小心。有人問我,<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>交易者為何要擬定這麼多種計劃?其實,萬法唯心,小趨勢是大趨勢<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>的根本,大趨勢是小趨勢的全景,以偏蓋全,以全忘偏都是一樣的風<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>險。而從不同的基本面、時機、位置、個人企圖、生活要求、身心狀<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>況、、、去選擇你最容易做到的交易,而不是只為了夢想在瞎忙;而<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>此時的我,只做我適合的交易,很高興我有選擇性。<br /><br />在瞬息萬變的金融市場裡,有一套客觀理性,而非建立在以希望為基<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>礎的交易計劃,就算遇到緊急事件,它就會像汽車安全氣囊一樣避免<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>許多緊急的危險,在每一次成功時,要牢記這個計劃裡符合市場的部<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>份;同樣的,在失敗時,也相對地要弄清楚那些是不符合現實的假設<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>,然後去保持、刪減、改變它。至於超出計劃的部份,個人建議,請<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>謹慎。因為,無法想像的東西,又如何去幻想它會是一隻溫馴的小貓<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>?我個人在這個市場生存的概念是,去撫弄一隻真正的貓,比將希望<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>放在恐怖箱能讓你驚喜來得好。有一套交易計劃在手上,不會讓自己<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>無所適從這樣可讓自己清楚市場目前屬於哪種狀態上,這是很重要的<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>。<br /><br />**而這個,就是我們在近期短線德國指數…美股一片漲勢中,我們<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>的工具卻運算出危機,但我們還是依事前所擬定的計劃操作,也藉此<wbr></wbr><span class="word_break" style="display: inline-block;"></span>說明事先計劃的重要性.<br /><br />交易你的計畫-計畫你的交易</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-20470567260062870232014-03-16T22:31:00.001+08:002014-04-27T18:07:00.521+08:00Ground floor half shop for rent (12x70) Setia tropika jln 1/25. Rm1600<span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">Ground floor half shop for rent (12x70) Setia tropika jln 1/25. Rm1600</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;">Direct owner. Hp 96437082. 07-2231918</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #37404e; font-family: 'lucida grande', tahoma, verdana, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-72863161458643790372013-08-11T18:28:00.003+08:002013-08-11T18:28:52.596+08:00給想要財務自由的朋友<a href="http://www.wretch.cc/blog/aiolex/33560212">http://www.wretch.cc/blog/aiolex/33560212</a><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">話說《富爸爸,窮爸爸》一書問世之後,多少人的價值觀以及人生因此而改變,當然包括我在內。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />被動收入、財務自由......等名詞,慢慢的被越來越多的年輕學子掛在嘴邊,「不用工作就有收入」成了時下最夯的人生目標。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />資產和負債的定義、ESBI四個象限、資本利得與現金流......等話題,不斷不斷的出現在我們周遭。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />教導學員如何創造被動收入的課程也如雨後春筍般的冒出,「達到財務自由了沒?」成了學員間最關心的話題。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />而這些教授如何創造背動收入的老師,其背後真正的財務狀況如何,他們一點也不在乎,他們只關心,有什麼方法或工具可以讓我快速脫離老鼠賽跑?</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />首先,我必須承認,十年前,我的想法跟你們一模一樣,老認為「有份工作」是件窩囊的事,「財務自由與否」才是一個人是否有成就的最高判斷原則。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />但是我現在要自打嘴巴,我錯了,而且錯的離譜。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />這個世界上,真正了不起的人是努力在自己的工作崗位貢獻自己的專長、努力為這個世界創造幸福的人,不論你的身份是業主、是打工仔、是父親、是母親......都一樣,你還記得你上一次以做某份工作或以身為某個角色為榮是什麼時候嗎?還是你從來沒有過這種感覺?<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />很多時候,我們會羨慕那些坐擁龐大財富的成功人士,我們常以為他們的財富得來比我們容易,或根本是在壓榨我們的時間和勞力,匯聚的卻是他們的成就。但往往不為人知的是,幾乎所有領域的成功人士,他們都是懷著遠大的目標和堅定的信念,從跟你、跟我一樣的出發點開始,默默努力了很長一段時間,才造就今日的他們。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />他們卯足全力、吃盡苦頭、再接再厲,他們為我們做的最好示範就是:「<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">成功沒有捷徑</strong>」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />《黑道商學院》裡面寫的好:「<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">商業界沒有魔法方程式,因為真實的人生充滿太多變數。但是,能夠在事業上達成一番成就者,他們之間確實至少有一個公分母,那就是努力</strong>」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />除了努力之外,第二個所有成功人士的共通點是什麼呢?<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />他們都熱愛他們的工作,他們找到自己熱愛又擅長的東西,然後全心投入,金錢絕對不是他們投入那個領域的初衷。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">如果你的人生目標就是只有大富大貴、不用工作就有錢自動流進來,那以歷史上的經驗來看,你恐怕沒辦法變的非常富有。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />記住,以不刻意賺錢的心態去賺錢,反而會獲得你意想不到的成就,也是讓人既富有又快樂的最好方法。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />最後一個,成功需要運氣嗎?<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />是的,絕對需要,但是什麼是運氣呢?<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />運氣就是你每天埋頭苦幹,幾年後抬起頭來才知道自己成功了,這就是運氣。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />尤其如果你還年輕,對未來一無所知,是個很大的優勢,因為你沒有基準點可以參考、你不知道自己不懂什麼,你只有勇敢向前一途。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />前幾天,一位在香港認識的新朋友找我吃飯,他說他在三年前就開始看我的部落格,最近剛辭職,想要自己創業,但是還不知道該做什麼?他也是看了《富爸爸,窮爸爸》系列的書籍之後,開始有了跟你、跟我一樣的那些想法,希望能找回自己人生的主導權。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />我只告訴他:「有勇氣改變很棒,但是我敢跟你保證,你現在設定想做的,跟你最後做的,肯定會有很大的不一樣,甚至遠超乎你的想像」,他問我該怎麼辦?我反問他的興趣是什麼?他說旅遊,他是個背包客,曾經自己一個人去西藏、新疆等地,但還沒有去過台灣,希望今年有機會去。我回答他:「去找一份跟旅遊有關的業務工作」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />什麼?找工作?他不是來請教我如何財務自由的嗎?我卻叫他走回頭路去找工作!<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />有來聽過我們《創業啟示錄》演講的朋友都知道,我給所有想創業的年輕人的建議就是:「先去找一份銷售(業務)的工作」,原因為何在此就不再多解釋。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />以後所有來找我的年輕朋友,我給的建議也一律會是:「去找一份和你的興趣有關的業務工作」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />你如果說不出你的興趣,只是單純的想要不工作就有收入,那很抱歉,我無法給你建議,因為你這輩子不會成為有錢人。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />今天,另一位也是在香港認識的新朋友找我吃飯,他是個獨立音樂人,沒錯,你們馬上把他歸類到S,有做才有錢、沒做就沒錢。但是你知道嗎?他身上散發出無比的光芒,他說他小時候家裡很窮,書也念不好,只有音樂老是拿A,但是他家裡沒有錢買樂器給他,於是他去教堂,因為教堂裡有很多大哥哥、大姐姐會免費教他彈吉他、彈鋼琴。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />後來,他大學的時候依照父母的期望,唸了理工科,但是中途他勇敢的放棄了,因為他實在沒興趣,他重新選擇了音樂,他原本以為會鬧家庭革命,但是很意外的,他的父親全力支持他,他說他很感恩,他現在在香港的音樂界混的有聲有色,也有了自己的公司,今天特地來找我吃飯,他也告訴我,他從好幾年前就開始看我的部落格。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />這個故事告訴我們,堅持自己的夢想、做自己真正有興趣的事,那些一開始潑你冷水的人,一定會被你的熱忱感動,然後加入你。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />現在的我,深深覺得這種努力在自己的工作崗位上發光發熱的人,才值得欽佩、才值得富有。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />電影《三個傻瓜》讓很多人都感動的落下眼淚,為什麼?正是因為它把真正的成就給詮釋的淋漓盡致:「<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">做你真正有興趣的事,把它做到極致,成功自然水到渠成</strong>」。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />《我在豪宅學到的人生功課》裡也不斷強調,真正的有錢人沒有一個是不用工作的,他們不單單是喜愛他們的工作,他們甚至是沉醉於他們的工作,所以他們不覺得他們在工作,才造成你覺得「有錢人都不用工作」的假象,然後才會有那麼多教人不用工作就有收入的書籍或課程不斷推出。但事實上,那些在教你「如何不工作就能變有錢人」的老師,並不是真正的有錢人。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />真正的有錢人拼了命的努力工作、拼了命的享受生活,對他們來說,生活就是工作、工作就是生活。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />那些沒有夢想、沒有興趣、做什麼工作都抱怨、滿腦子只想著不用工作就有收入的人,不斷不斷地只想要用錢直接去買一個別人幫你設計好的被動收入,可想而知,套句L小姐的名言:「騙光你們的錢只是剛剛好而已」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />喔,我文章還沒打完,她又補充了:「請不要再滿腦子被動收入,想當有錢人請腳踏實地努力去賺錢;女人的美有很多種姿態,男人的帥只有一種,就是認真負責說到做到。」<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />她又說:「我們會不會把人都得罪光了」,我說:「會」。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />但如果你認同我,那麼請你跟我們一起這樣做:<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />1.停止對現狀一切的抱怨!<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />2.無論你現在處在什麼樣的位置、做什麼樣的工作,用你120%的努力把它做到極致。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />最後,讓我們分享一個小故事:<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />七歲的麥克是喜個喜歡發明的小男孩,有一晚,麥克的媽媽打開麥克的房門,那應該是已經該入睡的時間,但是媽媽發現房間的百葉窗拉起,麥克半躺在床上,緊盯著窗外的月亮,棉被踢到腳邊鼓成一團。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />房間堆滿成疊的《大眾機械》雜誌,有好幾頁都摺了起來,加註筆記。書桌上有製圖版和丁字尺,方格紙上面有剛開始動筆的坦克或樹屋。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />媽媽問他還好嗎?麥克回答:「我一想到我想發明的東西,就興奮的一直踢腿,睡不著覺」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />麥克對發明不光只是有興趣或好奇而已,也不止是熱情,而是熱忱。他可以窩在自己蓋的樹屋裡頭敲敲打打、鋸東鋸西、揮汗構思,一個星期都不出來。他晚上常睡不著覺,因為他興奮的直踢腿。他把心力完全投注在他的夢想上,所有時間都用來實現他的夢想。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />麥克說:「<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">成功基本上和熱愛工作是分不開的</strong>」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />長大後,他用這股熱忱創辦他的事業。他到現在還是熬到很晚才睡,而且麥克的太太透露,麥克的腳還是經常踢個不停!</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />名喜劇演員克里斯‧洛克(Chris Rock)詮釋的好:「當你有一份工作(Job)時,你覺得度日如年,但當你有一份職業(career)時,你老覺得時間不夠用」。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />讓我們用這段幽默的短片做為結尾,與所有的朋友共勉。</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.800000190734863px; line-height: 22.100000381469727px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;"><br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />你知道嗎?當你有一份Job,和你有一份Career,有的時候其實是同一件事,端看你的心態如何去面對它。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />所以,星期日是個開心的日子,因為我們可以陪伴家人、可以出外郊遊、可以休息充電。<br style="display: inline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" />更棒的是,明天就可以上工了!</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-34868636710182279462013-06-21T05:56:00.001+08:002013-06-21T05:56:25.175+08:00老闆啊! 做些令人尊敬的事吧!<h2 style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #7a7a7a; font-family: 微軟正黑體, Arial, 新細明體, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; font-weight: lighter; line-height: 18px; list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 20px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
作者:陶晶瑩<br style="border: 0px; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px;" />出處:<a href="http://www.gvm.com.tw/Catelog_List_296.html" style="border: 0px; color: #5f5f5f; list-style: none; margin: 0px; outline: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration: none;">2011年2月號《遠見雜誌》 第296期</a></h2>
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敬啟者:</div>
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《遠見》來邀稿要我寫信給媒體人,我左思右想,這封信不應該是寫給媒體人,而是該寫給媒體老闆的。</div>
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畢竟,我們都只是員工,人在屋簷下不得不低頭的小人物,為了那幾個臭錢,為了嗷嗷待哺的家庭,還不是得硬著頭皮照幹!</div>
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那些從小被教育的良知、道德、專業、氣節、堅持……,客氣地說,是在江湖上行走會被笑的食古不化,簡單來說,就是個屁!</div>
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不管我們受了多少教育,只要一出社會,老闆就是老大!</div>
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老闆的喜好影響了我們在職場上的個性,決定了我們該鑽營還是摸魚;就算良禽擇木而棲,卻發現,十個媒體老闆有九個半都一樣──唯利是圖,明明賺得飽飽卻跟他窮得像鬼一樣的員工哭窮!</div>
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音樂、電影界和雜誌界還看得到一些熱血分子,賺了錢來養理想、來帶大家做夢,很偉大!</div>
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出版界沉淪的大有人在。他們絞盡腦汁去修改一個個獨特作家的稿子,企圖把奇花異草修剪成規格化的「暢銷作家」。</div>
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看到一本書大賣,老闆就會耳提面命(真的只差沒有像揪著他孩子耳朵那樣地對待作家)說,你看,就是要寫怎麼約會、怎麼把馬子……,而且要條列式,一、二、三、懂嗎?</div>
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在這樣的指標下,我不知道有多少獨特的靈魂被毀滅?</div>
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廣告界有許多前輩已轉往大陸發展了。留下來的,都不得不屈服於那出錢但又不懂廣告的老闆。</div>
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這十年來,觀眾對哪一支廣告有過熱烈的討論?我說的不是大奶或「取經」那樣的聳動,而是創意!創意!創意!</div>
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老闆眼一瞪,不管換了哪一季,代言人都得做同樣的動作、梳一樣的髮型、臉要擺同一個角度,連手指彎曲度都要一樣;看不到特別的腳本,只看到頤指氣使的客戶、唯唯諾諾的公關、和忍氣吞聲的導演。</div>
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電視圈更精采。</div>
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哪個老闆不賺錢?收視率調查表旁把廣告價目寫得一清二楚,黃金時段十秒廣告就可以從3萬賣到6萬5000元,廣告還可以置入節目、新聞……,而撥給戲劇、綜藝的製作費愈來愈少,明明富可敵國還要哭窮,一直開新節目還說不賺錢。不賺錢?那就不要做啊!</div>
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打開100多個頻道,長得一樣的節目滿地爬,不是左邊專家右邊素人,就是右邊名嘴左邊藝人;戲劇節目被剪得很慘,是啊,不知道大老闆們有沒有睜眼看看日、韓、大陸、香港是怎麼做的?</div>
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別人的編劇、導演、梳妝、燈光、特效、執行,都已規格化、制度化行之有年;別人光是道具間就比我們電視台的一個戲劇棚還大;別人劇本是一修再修,成品好好地交到演員手裡,我們是要聽「天意」──演員坐在棚裡,等大老闆(自己真的覺得很懂戲的大老闆)翹腳想,想想該突然從內衣工廠拿槍出來對幹,還是突然讓所有主角、配角都發現他們不是自己父母親生的?想到的時候就不管外面氣溫只有4℃而且是半夜,立刻發已回家的演員到深山裡決鬥。</div>
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當演員發出怒吼想維護自己的尊嚴時,電視台代表居然大言不慚地像丟塊肉給流浪狗般地說:「回家看看你們的存款簿,你們就會笑了!」</div>
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悲哀!這就是我們的媒體環境,怪誰?</div>
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上行下效!</div>
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在老闆居然會要求新聞也要有收視率的荒謬標準下,記者們只好用類戲劇的方式浮誇「演出」。</div>
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唯利是圖的老闆們,你們年輕過嗎?有過夢想嗎?小時候曾經仰望天空並且覺得美好嗎?</div>
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錢,除了囤積在你們那高血壓、高血脂、糖尿病的巨大身軀下,其實,只要你們的九牛一毛,還是可以做些令人尊敬的事。</div>
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除了掏錢,也請你們學著尊重專業。</div>
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你只是有錢,你不見得懂戲、懂綜藝、懂新聞,拜託!謝謝。</div>
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你還是老大,你的決定可以改變一切。</div>
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陶晶瑩 敬上</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-11475455041865054672013-05-18T00:02:00.001+08:002013-05-18T00:02:51.472+08:005 years liao ....<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">“很多人在股票市场里犯的一个错误就是:买了某种股票,看它往上涨,自以为自己聪明能干。他们觉得买卖股票容易得很。他们赚进了很多钱,立刻开始寻找其他可买的东西。其实这个时候他们真的应该什么都不干。自信心会导致傲,最终导致狂妄自大。其实此时你真的应该把钱存进银行,到海滩去玩上一段时间,直到自己冷静下来。</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">因为好机会本来就不多,更不会接踵而来 。 但是,你并不需要很多好机会,如果你不犯太多的错误的话。</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">———罗杰斯《风险投资家环球游记》</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">先看一个故事:</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">一次,一位名叫阿默的年轻人建议老头买克莱美汽车的股票,老头买了500股,在10天内获得了7点的盈利。这时,阿默把自己买的股票抛了,建议老头也脱手,在回档时再买进。但老头死活不肯,把阿默给气疯了,连连问老头为什么。老头不得不解释道:“我是说我会失去自己的仓位。等你像我这么老了,像我这样经历了许多好景和恐慌之后,你就会明白失掉仓位是任何人都无法承受的,就连约翰·D·洛克菲勒也一样。我希望这只股票会回档,你可以在大跌的时候补仓,先生。但是自己只能按照多年的经验进行交易,我为这些经验付出了很高的代价,不想再浪费第二次学费,但我仍然感激你。这是多头市场,你知道的。”</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">一直以来总以为资本投资是要在开盘前阅尽当天的财经报纸和券商研判,然后确定每天的操作。白天时要专心的盯着盘,收盘后还要复盘,然后和几个朋友聊票,晚上还要去看看财经节目。其实:“频繁的交易真的能带来利润吗?”有很多投资者认为高点卖出,低点买入可以挣的比长期持有更多。实际的理论研究和美国股市的实践证明,这是个完全错误的想法。频繁交易并试图通过交易获利的投资者,从来没有超越过长期持有者,也从来没有跑赢大盘,这是一个铁的事实!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">其实只要你判断对了国家经济发展方向,行业趋势,再根据管理层、产品以及公司战略等选好个股后,或许一周看一次盘,一个季度看一次业绩公告就够了!做股票真的不用这么累!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">投资股票的目的是什么?我想大部分人还是为了能有大的收益,可以改变自己的财务情况,希望能通过投资这家企业实现你人生的价值和理想。</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">一直以来我都在博客中说吃鱼吃鱼肚,投资就投个股成长中的最大波段,也就是高速增长期!仔细研究季报和年报,从中发现出现连续两个季度业绩出现拐点的公司,判断这家公司的业绩真伪!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">我可以的,你也可以的!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">其实1~2年抓好一个高速成长股中的最大波段,那么连续几年下来估计你也能实现财务自由的!相信自己!</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; word-wrap: break-word;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;">作者:石上清泉</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13.888888359069824px; line-height: 22.397642135620117px;"><br /></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-45672414438111982952013-04-22T03:08:00.000+08:002013-04-22T03:08:01.290+08:00<達蜜經濟學>內向心理學<a href="http://lovelifelonglearning.blogspot.com/2013/03/blog-post_24.html">http://lovelifelonglearning.blogspot.com/2013/03/blog-post_24.html</a>.<br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #525252; font-family: 新細明體; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; line-height: 12px;">功能性大腦核磁共振顯影</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; color: #525252; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; line-height: 12px;">(fMRI)</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #525252; font-family: 新細明體; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; line-height: 12px;">的發明,對近幾年心理學的發展,有著比其表面上更大的衝擊與影響。它不僅代表科學的進步,增進我們對大腦的認識,它更是一條路,一條引領我們認同「神經多元性」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="background-color: white; color: #525252; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS', Trebuchet, sans-serif; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; line-height: 12px;">(neurodiversity)</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #525252; font-family: 新細明體; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; line-height: 12px;">,與尊重不同個體個殊性的道路。</span><br />
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<span style="color: blue;"><b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">心理學家霍華‧嘉納</span><span lang="EN-US">(Howard Gardner)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">的「多元智力理論」,主張每個人都有獨特的優勢智能。從大腦神經科學的層次來看,每個人的大腦神經結構、偏好使用的神經迴路以及腦神經傳導物質的分泌與吸收程度,都不盡相同。造成每個人的人格特質、認知形式、情緒表達或行為展現,都有其獨特的一面。例如,每個人對於某些腦神經傳導物質</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">如多巴胺</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">的敏感度不同,以及占優勢的腦神經傳導路徑不同,就會造成一個人的個性外向或內向。</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="color: red;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">內向者對多巴胺有較高的敏感度,所以通常他們不需要也不喜歡太多外在的刺激;另外,內向者占優勢的腦神經傳導路徑較長,搭配的大腦神經傳導物質</span><span lang="EN-US">─</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">乙醯膽鹼</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">與注意、學習有關</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">會啟動副交感神經系統,這一系統使身體反應慢下來,得以仔細思考後再採取行動。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">看看下列的敘述:</span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">1.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">休息時,喜歡獨自一人或與少數幾個親密的朋友在一起</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">2.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">你只將關係較深的人視為朋友</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">3.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">在外出活動</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">即便是喜歡的活動</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">之後,需要休息</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">4.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">通常是一位傾聽者,但在談論對自己來說重要的話題時能侃侃而談</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">5.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">看起來是平靜的、沉默寡言的,並喜歡觀察事物</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">6.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">在說話或做做事前傾向於先想一想</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">7.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">在群體中或壓力大的時候感到頭腦變得一片空白</span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-US">8.</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">不喜歡匆忙行事</span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">如果你與以上描述大多符合的話,恭喜你和我一樣,屬於社會上佔少數</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">約占</span><span lang="EN-US">1/4)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">的內向者。</span></b></div>
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<span style="color: #274e13;"><b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">內向者和外向者最大的不同在於精力的來源。內向者從自己的內在世界獲得精力,獨處、閱讀、反思、聽音樂</span><span lang="EN-US">...</span></b></span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="color: #274e13;"><b>等是他們充電的方法。他們容易受到外在世界的刺激影響,產生「刺激太多」的不適感。所以他們需要限制自己的社交,以免精疲力盡。</b></span>外向者正好相反,他們的精力來自外在世界,各式各樣的社交活動、形形色色的人們、不同的場合和事物,讓他們精力充沛。長時間置身事外、沉思、獨處,或只是與另一個人待在一起,則讓他們像洩了氣的皮球。內向者就像充電電池;外向者則像太陽能電池板。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">除了內向與外向,神經多元性也反映在我們的認知形式上。一般人以疾病或缺陷看待的自閉症和亞斯伯格症,若以神經多元性來看待他們的認知形式,其實只是和大多數人不同而已。至於這樣的不同是好是壞,則要看運用在哪方面而論。事實上,自閉症的認知形式有很多地方值得我們學習。有許多人都擁有類似自閉症的認知形式,而這些認知形式讓他們在網路世界中,適應得比一般人要好。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">臉書、部落格、</span><span lang="EN-US">YouTube</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">、</span><span lang="EN-US">iPod</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">、維基百科</span><span lang="EN-US">…</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">的普遍使用,使得「編排資訊」成為我們每日生活的樂趣。例如在電腦、</span><span lang="EN-US">iPod</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">或</span><span lang="EN-US">iPhone</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">中整理你收集來的音樂、在臉書上為你的好友做分類、編排你部落格的排版</span><span lang="EN-US">…</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">等。<span style="color: blue;"><b>而自閉症的明顯徵狀之一,就是他們往往會用整理、組織、分級、收集、記憶、分類跟列表等技術,將額外的架構加在資訊之上,他們極度喜愛資訊,以至於他們是最熱愛沉浸在資訊中的一群。</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">今日許多的生產力和價值,不再來自生產者與其所生產的物品,而是來自使用者和消費者的內心深處。他們透過腦內的編排來創造意義與獨特的詮釋。而網際網路使得這些編排工作變得便宜而有效。因而成為社會上一股強大的力量。我們其實是在利用電腦和網路,來複製或模仿自閉症者在資訊吸收、處理和腦內編排上的某些能力。網路讓大家得以借重自閉症者在認知方面的長處,讓我們在資訊爆炸的時代中,成為更好的資訊大胃王。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="color: red;"><b>不論你的個性或認知形式如何,只要認識自己的長處,並找到發揮長處的領域,每個人都可以創造屬於自己的經濟未來。</b></span>看看那些在網路上大受歡迎的作家有何特色。他們不會寫今天去哪裡剪頭髮、哪裡吃飯,他們只想寫一些「有梗」、「有重點」的分享;他們總是「自己和自己說話」,並開始分享自己的專長和論點,而且會一直持續下去。這些特點讓很多內向或自閉的人在網路上一炮而紅。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">一般人寫東西就像平常說話一樣脫口而出,會提到很多自己現在的想法和感受。內向或自閉者則相反,他們平常默然不語,是因為他們會「想很多」,想得徹徹底底之後,才會將一句話慢</span><span lang="EN-US">~</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">慢</span><span lang="EN-US">~</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">講出來。<span style="color: #274e13;"><b>這就是為什麼當一個內向或自閉的人開口說話時,大家會比較專心聽的原因。在過去這些屬於少數人才有的特性</b></span></span><span style="color: #274e13;"><b><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">如內向或自閉</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">,讓他們與這個世界格格不入,努力嘗試去改變自己以適應外在世界。現在他們則靠著網路,吸引一群志趣相投的固定粉絲,發揮他一呼百應的社群影響力。</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">這一群內向者和自閉症者的影響力,遠比那些外向者四處傳朋友還要強大許多。人類史上從來沒有一個時代像現在這樣,是內向者和自閉症者飛黃騰達的大好時機。<span style="color: red;"><b>重點不在於你是不是內向者或自閉症者,而在於多元智力理論和神經多元性的概念所告訴我們的,每個人都有獨特的優勢,我們必須向內探索、了解自己的長處,並找到或打造一個對你最有利的領域,去發揮你的天賦。當我們的內在越來越豐富,創造自己的經濟未來也越來越真實!</b></span></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-69235076317462588052013-04-01T00:36:00.001+08:002013-04-01T00:36:38.222+08:00Behind Blue Eyes偶然发现 <span style="font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 19px;">Behind Blue Eyes 另外2个版本</span><br />
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我听的版本<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/8IEQpfA528M" width="420"></iframe><br />
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女生 symponic metal 版<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/avVi4rdjUXk" width="560"></iframe><br />
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1971原版<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/BfuWXRZe9yA" width="420"></iframe><br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-11294465922801558502013-02-19T22:04:00.001+08:002013-02-21T02:14:12.018+08:00寫給年輕人的簡明世界史:读后感乱写一通<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">寫給年輕人的簡明世界史</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">By Ernst H. Gombrich, 張榮昌 (Translator)</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">寫給年輕人的簡明世界史: 这应该叫打来打去欧洲史,古代欧洲人特别喜欢打来打去。不久后,有个人名叫耶稣,他发明了基督教。然后欧洲人为了得到更多的土地,就用基督教的名义打来打去,打到阿拉伯世界。又过了不久后,有个人叫莫罕默德,他发明了伊斯兰教,然后也用伊斯兰教的名义,打到基督教的欧洲。2个宗教从此就不断的打来打去,到了21世纪2013年还在打。</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">工业革命蒸汽机发明后,已经不再流行用宗教的名义打架,由于货品可以用很快的速度来生产,所以就需要更多的人来购买货物。于是大家都流行占领殖民地,并把货物卖给殖民地的人,也可以从殖民地获得珍贵的资源。然后有一天,奥地利王储被暗杀。于是就不小心发生了第一次世界大战,德国奥地利战败。</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">不久后,有个参加过一战很帅的士兵,发明了第二次世界大战。最后美国人 zap 死鸡打赢。然后其实美国人是当年欧洲人的祖先来的。整个欧洲的历史就是互相打架抢地盘,用宗教的名义来排除异端,并控制人民的思想。在古代,宗教信仰是奴役人民的手段;在现代,宗教信仰是劝人向善的精神寄托。</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">在古代,教皇和教会的地位很高,高到可以控制一个国家的国王,所以当时,很多贵族和有钱人都会捐钱捐地给教会(以现代的形容词我们叫打通天地线,也叫贿赂),所以古代教会都很有钱。无可否认,在现代,我个人认为办教会,和开神庙在现代是一门获利很高的行业。现代人去教会,都要捐钱。虔诚的基督徒,都会被要求捐出薪水的十分之一给教会。</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">1992年,罗伯特·蒙代尔(Robert A. Mundell) 发明了欧元,这17国是奥地利、比利时、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、爱尔兰、義大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、斯洛文尼亚、西班牙、馬爾他、塞浦路斯、斯洛伐克、愛沙尼亞合称为欧元区。(瑞典,英国,丹麦并没有参加)</span></span></h1>
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<span style="font-family: Lucida Grande, Verdana, Lucida Sans Unicode, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 17.99715805053711px;">在古代,欧洲人不断战争,就是为了要统一欧洲。在现代,一个叫欧元的货币,实现了古人的愿望,利用货币一统欧洲帝国.</span></span></h1>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-58195633903068633932013-02-03T22:04:00.000+08:002013-02-03T22:17:57.387+08:00Mama<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2OfpG2pIF07oPn6NviwuUGvFXyDZ-6W1UBT9KXCgmv_2cCwdUu-lyUtd_OsX7er9PTJBzSzN4sSYvmyxrSbgGe02Bn4vBAsuPT_unuLYe3E-hlrQZfKJmSWYvsCBjzG9Rid3ZYSyThEG0/s1600/mama.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2OfpG2pIF07oPn6NviwuUGvFXyDZ-6W1UBT9KXCgmv_2cCwdUu-lyUtd_OsX7er9PTJBzSzN4sSYvmyxrSbgGe02Bn4vBAsuPT_unuLYe3E-hlrQZfKJmSWYvsCBjzG9Rid3ZYSyThEG0/s320/mama.jpg" width="202" /></a></div>
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看完才發現原來這不是恐怖片, 看到中間才發現這部是告訴你母愛超級偉大的電影, 不管妖怪和人類都一樣.<br />
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<span style="color: #31365f; font-family: Tahoma, Simsun, Microsoft Yahei;"><span style="font-size: 16.203702926635742px; line-height: 13.888888359069824px;">Victoria, Mama, go~~</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #31365f; font-family: Tahoma, Simsun, Microsoft Yahei;"><span style="font-size: 16.203702926635742px; line-height: 13.888888359069824px;">Victoria stay...</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #31365f; font-family: Tahoma, Simsun, Microsoft Yahei;"><span style="font-size: 16.203702926635742px; line-height: 13.888888359069824px;">Victoria, Mama, go.....</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #31365f; font-family: Tahoma, Simsun, Microsoft Yahei;"><span style="font-size: 16.203702926635742px; line-height: 13.888888359069824px;">Victoria stay!!!</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #31365f; font-family: Tahoma, Simsun, Microsoft Yahei;"><span style="font-size: 16.203702926635742px; line-height: 13.888888359069824px;">Annabel, sleep...</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #31365f; font-family: Tahoma, Simsun, Microsoft Yahei;"><span style="font-size: 16.203702926635742px; line-height: 13.888888359069824px;">Annabel, sleep~~~~~</span></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-27866198034422858582013-01-24T13:11:00.000+08:002013-01-24T13:13:29.088+08:00PHLX Semiconductor Sector Index<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;">The </span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;">PHLX Semiconductor Sector</b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;"> (</span><b style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;">SOX</b><span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;">) is a </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philadelphia_Stock_Exchange" style="background-color: white; background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px; text-decoration: initial;" title="Philadelphia Stock Exchange">Philadelphia Stock Exchange</a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;"> </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capitalization-weighted_index" style="background-color: white; background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px; text-decoration: initial;" title="Capitalization-weighted index">capitalization-weighted index</a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;"> composed of companies primarily involved in the design, distribution, manufacture, and sale of </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductors" style="background-color: white; background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px; text-decoration: initial;" title="Semiconductors">semiconductors</a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;">.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.972221374511719px; line-height: 23.99088478088379px;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 16.203702926635742px; line-height: 23.989076614379883px;">http://finance.yahoo.com/q/bc?s=%5ESOX&t=1y&l=on&z=l&q=c&c=</span><br />
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<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" class="yfnc_mod_table_title1" style="background-color: #edf2f5; border-left-color: rgb(161, 161, 161); border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(161, 161, 161); border-right-width: 1px; border-style: solid solid none; border-top-color: rgb(161, 161, 161); border-top-width: 1px; color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.22em; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-left: 6px; padding-top: 5px; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="line-height: 1.22em;">
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><th align="left" style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;">Components for ^SOX</th><th align="right" style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; text-align: right;"></th></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="yfnc_tableout1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: #a1a1a1; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; color: black; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.22em; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="line-height: 1.22em;">
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.22em; width: 100%px;"><tbody style="line-height: 1.22em;">
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><th align="left" class="yfnc_tablehead1" scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Symbol</th><th align="left" class="yfnc_tablehead1" scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeee; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Name</th><th align="right" class="yfnc_tablehead1" scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeee; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px; text-align: right;">Last Trade</th><th align="right" class="yfnc_tablehead1" scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeee; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px; text-align: right;">Change</th><th align="right" class="yfnc_tablehead1" scope="col" style="background-color: #eeeeee; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px; text-align: right;">Volume</th></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=ALTR" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">ALTR</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Altera Corp.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">35.18</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_altr" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.33</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_altr" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.93%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_altr" style="line-height: 1.22em;">4,617,167</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=AMAT" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">AMAT</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Applied Materials Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">12.70</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_amat" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.01</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_amat" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.08%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_amat" style="line-height: 1.22em;">11,479,840</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=AMD" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">AMD</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">2.73</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_amd" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.28</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_amd" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (11.43%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_amd" style="line-height: 1.22em;">69,200,440</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=AVGO" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">AVGO</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Avago Technologies Limited</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">34.42</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_avgo" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.02</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_avgo" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.06%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_avgo" style="line-height: 1.22em;">2,279,358</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=BRCM" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">BRCM</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Broadcom Corp.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">34.74</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_brcm" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.11</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_brcm" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.32%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_brcm" style="line-height: 1.22em;">7,436,150</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=CREE" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">CREE</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Cree, Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">40.85</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_cree" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">7.38</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_cree" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (22.05%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_cree" style="line-height: 1.22em;">14,248,224</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=CRUS" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">CRUS</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Cirrus Logic Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">29.95</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_crus" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.95</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_crus" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (3.28%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_crus" style="line-height: 1.22em;">3,801,805</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=HITT" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">HITT</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Hittite Microwave Corporation</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">61.19</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_hitt" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.36</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_hitt" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.58%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_hitt" style="line-height: 1.22em;">66,154</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=IDCC" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">IDCC</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">InterDigital, Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">44.37</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_idcc" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.10</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_idcc" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.22%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_idcc" style="line-height: 1.22em;">290,647</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=INTC" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">INTC</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Intel Corporation</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">21.11</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_intc" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.06</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_intc" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.28%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_intc" style="line-height: 1.22em;">42,432,236</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=KLAC" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">KLAC</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">KLA-Tencor Corporation</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">52.35</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_klac" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.55</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_klac" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (1.06%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_klac" style="line-height: 1.22em;">1,968,412</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=LLTC" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">LLTC</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Linear Technology Corporation</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">36.58</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_lltc" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.20</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_lltc" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.55%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_lltc" style="line-height: 1.22em;">2,226,324</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=LRCX" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">LRCX</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Lam Research Corporation</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">40.10</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_lrcx" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.02</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_lrcx" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.05%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_lrcx" style="line-height: 1.22em;">2,599,740</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=MKSI" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">MKSI</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">MKS Instruments, Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">27.75</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_mksi" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.01</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_mksi" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.04%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_mksi" style="line-height: 1.22em;">152,854</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=MLNX" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">MLNX</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Mellanox Technologies, Ltd.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">51.69</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_mlnx" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">3.61</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_mlnx" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (7.51%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_mlnx" style="line-height: 1.22em;">5,117,390</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=MRVL" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">MRVL</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Marvell Technology Group Ltd.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">9.31</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_mrvl" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.43</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_mrvl" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (4.84%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_mrvl" style="line-height: 1.22em;">27,890,686</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=MU" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">MU</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Micron Technology Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">7.78</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_mu" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.06</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_mu" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.77%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_mu" style="line-height: 1.22em;">23,846,030</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=NVDA" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">NVDA</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">NVIDIA Corporation</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">12.13</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_nvda" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.02</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_nvda" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.17%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_nvda" style="line-height: 1.22em;">10,550,723</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=NXPI" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">NXPI</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">NXP Semiconductors NV</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">29.50</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_nxpi" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.29</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_nxpi" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.99%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_nxpi" style="line-height: 1.22em;">2,899,744</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=POWI" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">POWI</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Power Integrations Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">36.71</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_powi" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.09</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_powi" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.25%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_powi" style="line-height: 1.22em;">178,631</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=RBCN" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">RBCN</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Rubicon Technology, Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">6.55</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_rbcn" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.16</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_rbcn" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (2.50%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_rbcn" style="line-height: 1.22em;">405,733</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=SNDK" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">SNDK</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">SanDisk Corp.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">47.65</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_sndk" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.30</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_sndk" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.63%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_sndk" style="line-height: 1.22em;">8,167,895</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=SPRD" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">SPRD</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Spreadtrum Communications Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">16.14</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_sprd" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.04</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_sprd" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.25%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_sprd" style="line-height: 1.22em;">830,348</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=STM" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">STM</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">STMicroelectronics NV</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">8.15</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_stm" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.10</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_stm" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(1.21%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_stm" style="line-height: 1.22em;">880,544</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=TER" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">TER</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Teradyne Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">17.03</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_ter" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.06</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_ter" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.35%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_ter" style="line-height: 1.22em;">2,325,606</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=TSM" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">TSM</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. Ltd.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">18.27</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_tsm" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.11</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_tsm" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (0.61%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_tsm" style="line-height: 1.22em;">9,210,536</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=TXN" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">TXN</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Texas Instruments Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">33.08</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_txn" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.38</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_txn" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(1.14%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_txn" style="line-height: 1.22em;">9,517,077</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=VECO" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">VECO</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Veeco Instruments Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">33.61</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_veco" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">1.62</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_veco" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (5.06%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_veco" style="line-height: 1.22em;">1,234,110</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=WFR" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">WFR</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">MEMC Electronic Materials Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">4.08</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_wfr" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Up" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/up_g.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;">0.19</b></span><span id="yfs_p43_wfr" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #008800; line-height: 1.22em;"> (4.88%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_wfr" style="line-height: 1.22em;">7,457,653</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em;"><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;"><a href="http://finance.yahoo.com/q?s=XLNX" style="color: #1a5488; line-height: 1.22em; text-decoration: initial;">XLNX</a></b></td><td class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;">Xilinx Inc.</td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><b style="line-height: 1.22em;">36.70</b> <nobr style="line-height: 1.22em;"><small style="font-family: arial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.22em;">Jan 23</small></nobr></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_c63_xlnx" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><img alt="Down" border="0" height="14" src="http://l.yimg.com/a/i/us/fi/03rd/down_r.gif" style="line-height: 1.22em; margin-right: -2px;" width="10" /> <b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">0.04</b></span> <span id="yfs_p43_xlnx" style="line-height: 1.22em;"><b style="color: #cc0000; line-height: 1.22em;">(0.11%)</b></span></td><td align="right" class="yfnc_tabledata1" style="background-attachment: scroll; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-position: 0px 0px; background-repeat: repeat repeat; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.22em; padding: 3px 8px;"><span id="yfs_v53_xlnx" style="line-height: 1.22em;">1,719,359</span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-69946851210882217072013-01-09T02:29:00.002+08:002013-01-09T02:29:33.725+08:00My favourite elevator scene in a movieDrive:<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/uLet3osnUVU" width="420"></iframe><br />
<br />
The cabin in the wood: elevator ding !<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/JY80AGX8QZQ" width="420"></iframe>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-28760925643597651502013-01-09T02:05:00.000+08:002013-01-09T02:05:23.396+08:00My favourite car scene in a movieEnd of watch: Janet dating with Taylor car scene<br />
cute scene<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/7Q0EPpgCoDs" width="560"></iframe><br />
<br />
Drive: do u wanna see something<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/ONoNmSwIuEE" width="560"></iframe><br />
<br />
Money ball: Brad pit Ending scene<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/fkKCNXbtmcY" width="560"></iframe>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-66389312580822370762012-12-21T02:05:00.000+08:002012-12-21T02:05:19.206+08:00当美国不再进口石油时……http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_467a66b00102e59u.html<br />
<br />
<br />
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">想像一下,当美国人不再进口石油时,石油世界会怎么样?全球资金流向会怎么样?美元走势会怎么样?地缘政治又会怎么样?笔者认为,这是今后十年全球金融市场最大的三个故事之一,它对财富分布、能源革命、交通运输均带来无远弗届的影响。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">自从第二次世界大战结束,美国便成为石油净输入国,其需要占到全球石油贸易的</span>1/4<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">,美国在石油市场的地位,可谓举足轻重。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">然而,一场能源革命已在北美地区全面展开。美国的石油进口规模已经由高峰期的每天</span>2000<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">万桶,缩减到不足</span>1000<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">万桶。这个数字在今后几年还会直线下降,国际能源组织预计美国将于</span>2035<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年实现石油自给自足,笔者相信美国可能在</span>2022-2025<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年即可成为石油净出口国。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">其实美国传统的石油生产本身相对稳定,目前每天产量为</span>810<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">万桶,</span>2020<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年时预计升到</span>1100<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">万桶,随后缓慢回落。美国能源生产格局的改变,推动力来自非常规能源。</span>2020<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年时,石油生产仅占美国能源生产的</span>22%<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">,剩下</span>78%<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">来自天然气、非常规石油和非常规天然气。非常规石油和非常规天然气更是从无到有,预计至</span>2020<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年即可占到美国整个能源生产中的六成。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">页岩气生产异军突起,是改变美国能源生产格局的第一个要素。非常规天然气在北美地理环境下的开采技术已经成熟,量化生产逐渐展开,增长迅猛。而且由于价格的大幅度下降,这种新能源产品在美国的市场已被迅速打开。非常规天然气以能量计算的产量已经超过石油,成为美国的最大能源供应源。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">轻紧油(</span>light tight oil<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">)为首的非常规石油,是改变美国能源格局的另一个要素。轻紧油生产所用的横向开采和水力压裂技术,与页岩气的生产技术一脉相承。技术上的突破,令十年前一般人闻所未闻的能源可能在</span>2020<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年超过常规石油,成为美国第二大能源供应源。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">与此同时,节能技术和节能法规也会在几年之后,显著地压缩美国对石油的需求。生物制油,是替代能源的另一个大的要素。商业技术一旦成熟,运输与分销渠道一旦通顺,变化往往比预期来得更猛、更快,其商业应用空间,往往比最初想象的更广阔。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">笔者预言,</span>2020<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年时美国能源市场将是常规石油、非常规石油、常规天然气、非常规天然气四分天下的时代,其中非常规能源比重高过常规能源。美国</span>2015<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年超越俄罗斯,成为世界最大的天然气生产国;在</span>2017<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年超越沙特阿拉伯,成为世界最大的石油生产国。美国将于</span>2025<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">年达成石油自给自足,随后变为石油净出口国。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">如果美国不再需要进口石油,这对世界意味着什么?</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">首先,美元大幅升值。在美国的贸易逆差中,石油净进口占四成。石油能源供应由海外移向国内,必然为美国的贸易项目带来结构性的拐点,目前困扰美国经济的财政、贸易双逆差中,至少有一半得到解决。美元因此进入中长期的升值轨道,并不令人惊讶。其实,在如今“比差”游戏中,一旦一种货币出现基本面的改善,升值并非难事。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">其次,财富再分配。美国石油进口需求的改变,会否导致油价大跌,尚属未知数,这取决于新兴市场(尤其是中国、印度)需求的增加。笔者倾向于相信油价会跌。中国石油需求仍会上升,不过增加最迅猛的时期可能已经过去。印度需求的故事,目前还是纸面上的预言。油价走软,对中东的石油美元势必构成冲击,对于过度扩张的石油国家的公共开支更是威胁,财富由新兴国家向美国转移,资金流向也因此而改变。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">再者,替代能源面临重新洗牌。油价</span>100<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">美元之上,催生出太阳能、风能等许多替代能源。这些替代能源中相当一部分受技术、市场、管道等多方面因素的制约,商业性应用仍有困难,部分企业在政府补贴热潮过后,甚至出现现金流压力。如果油价跌到</span>70<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">美元</span>/<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">桶,多数替代能源将失去独立生存的空间。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;"><span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">最后,地缘政治生态改观。美国是中东的警察,为了自身的利益主导着那里的冲突与和解。如今美国从中东进口的石油已经仅占其总进口量的</span>17%<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">(中国占</span>43%<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">),小过从加拿大的进口,五年后甚至可能低过</span>10%<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN">(更多石油进口来自巴西)。中东在美国的战略地位和国家利益中明显下降。下一次美国在中东遭遇较大伤亡或挫折时,可能收缩其在当地的军事存在。“十年后在霍尔木兹海峡巡弋的,应该是中国军舰,而不是美国军舰,”一位美国国务院高官如是说。</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: #9caec1; border: 0px; color: #323e32; font-family: simsun; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 20px; list-style: none; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; padding: 0px; text-indent: 2em; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">
<span lang="ZH-CN" style="word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;" xml:lang="ZH-CN"><span style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 24.545454025268555px; word-break: normal; word-wrap: normal;">本文原载于新财富,为个人观点,并非投资建议或劝诱</span></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-69370014734492635422012-11-06T15:18:00.000+08:002012-11-06T15:18:14.053+08:00別當正常的傻瓜 - 心理帳戶 & 損失趨避<a href="http://wfhstudy.blogspot.tw/2007/12/blog-post.html">http://wfhstudy.blogspot.tw/2007/12/blog-post.html</a><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; line-height: 28px;"><b><br /></b></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue; line-height: 28px;"><b>傳統經濟學或財務學對人的決策過程有一個前提假設,就是「人是理性的」</b></span><span style="line-height: 28px;">。而本書所要介紹的</span><span style="color: purple; line-height: 28px;"><b>「行為決策學」,是一門研究人類決策過程中的行為規律的科學,指出正常人決策過程並不完全理性,而這種不理性是有規律的、可預測的</b></span><span style="line-height: 28px;">。正常人常常做出不理性的決策,而成為傻瓜、冤大頭,幸運的是,一旦你知道正常人都是傻瓜之後,你就可以選擇不要當一個傻瓜…<br /><br />--</span></span></span><br style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px;" /><div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px;">
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">書中所舉例子、理論不勝枚舉,在此舉出兩個我個人覺得最生活化的主題與您分享。<br /><br /><strong><span style="color: red;">一、心理帳戶</span></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">人的腦中存在一種心理帳戶,會</span><span style="color: blue; line-height: 28px;"><b>將不同來源、不同用途、不同形式的錢,放到不同帳戶裡,每個帳戶的錢互不流通,而且我們對每個帳戶的錢也有不同的態度</b></span><span style="line-height: 28px;">。這樣的心理帳戶往往導致不理性的決策而使的個人蒙受虧損。</span></span><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><strong><br /></strong></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #660000; line-height: 28px;"><strong>(1)不同來源的錢:</strong></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #274e13; line-height: 28px;"><b>中彩券得來的錢(放在「意外之財」帳戶),總是比辛苦工作賺來的錢(放在「辛苦錢」帳戶)容易花掉。</b></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><strong><br /></strong></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #660000; line-height: 28px;"><strong>(2)不同用途的錢:</strong></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">有一齣你期盼已久的舞台劇在已經事先買了一張3000元的舞台劇的票的情況下,出門前發現票卷遺失,你還會再買一張票嗎?大多數人不會。而在表演當天才要買票的情況下,出門前發現掉了3000元,你還會前往戲劇院買票欣賞節目嗎?大多數人會。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">之所以會如此,是因為我們將要買票的錢放在「看戲帳戶」,而另外3000元放在別的帳戶中(也許是「購物賬戶」),而正常人在心理帳戶之間的錢是不流通的,所以第一個狀況如果選擇買票,是在「看戲帳戶」中提出6000元,對你而言可能太貴了,而第二個情況如果選擇買票,「購物賬戶」損失3000元與「看戲帳戶」,看戲仍然只花你3000元,所以對你來說價格合理。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">這是不理性的,不論哪一種情況,選擇買票都是損失6000元,選擇不買票都是損失3000元。事實上我個人有完全一模一樣的經驗,是我將《悲慘世界》的票卷遺失,而我沒有再買一張…<br /><br /><strong><span style="color: #660000;">(3)不同形式的錢:</span></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">投資股票的人常常將「股票帳面上的損失」和「股票變現後的損失」放進不同的心理帳戶。 如此一來當你100元買的股票掉到50元時,大多人會認為「不賣不賠」,事實上帳面上的損失不管有沒有變現,損失都已經造成了。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">如果你想少幾分正常,多幾分理性,就要克服心理帳戶的偏誤,<b><span style="color: #274e13;">記住「錢就是錢」,不會因為來源、用途、形式的不同而不同,作決策時要提醒自己對錢一視同仁,只考慮真正的成本和報酬是否接受</span></b>,並且嘗試像上述的例子一樣,利用其他「等價的情況」換個角度想想,多練習,就可以避免自己掉入心理帳戶陷阱。<br /><br /><span style="color: red;"><b><br /></b></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><span style="color: red;"><b>二</b></span></span><span style="line-height: 28px;"><strong><span style="color: red;">、損失趨避</span></strong></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">「行為決策學」的創始人,<b><span style="color: blue;">心理學家丹尼爾‧卡尼曼(Daniel Kahneman)以其所提出的「展望理論」獲得2002年諾貝爾經濟學獎</span></b>。</span><span style="line-height: 28px;">其理論可用四大規律來概括:</span></span><br /><span style="line-height: 28px;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #660000; line-height: 28px;"><b>(一)正常人面臨「獲得」的情況下,是風險趨避的</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #660000; line-height: 28px;"><b>(二)正常人面臨「損失」的情況下,是風險偏好的</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #660000; line-height: 28px;"><b>(三)正常人對「獲得」或「損失」的判定,依「參考點」而異</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #660000; line-height: 28px;"><b>(四)正常人大多是損失趨避的</b></span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #660000; line-height: 28px;"><b><br /></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">其中的<b><span style="color: #274e13;">損失趨避</span></b>可以解釋成:<b><span style="color: #274e13;">正常人在失去一件東西時的痛苦程度,要比得到同一件東西所經歷的高興程度更大</span></b>。舉個簡單的例子,擲硬幣出現正面贏500元,出現反面輸500元,只玩一次,你賭不賭,多數人不賭,即使是正面贏500反面輸400多數人還是不賭。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">損失趨避的傾向在生活中常常造成許多不理性的決策:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">(1)<b><span style="color: #783f04;">對於同一件東西,擁有後會比擁有前對你更有價值</span></b>,也就是說如果要賣掉一個你擁有的全新東西,你的索價會比你願意買這件東西的出價高。<span style="color: purple;"><b>因為我們再買東西的時候是「獲得」,而賣東西的時候是「損失」,帶給我們的高興和痛苦程度不同,用來買高興和消除痛苦的開價當然就不同</b></span>。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">聰明的商家從他的經驗得知這點,替他的產品標上七天內無條件退貨的優惠,事實上真正來退貨的顧客少之又少,因為你對你已經擁有的東西的評價已經提高了。由於上述的心理因素,所以導致正常人不願意改便現狀,即使知道改變現狀可以帶來獲利,大部分的人還是喜歡追求穩定,不願改變。<br /><br />(2)由於<b><span style="color: #783f04;">損失帶來的痛苦較大,所以正常人對損失較為敏感,卻對「應得而未得的收益」不夠敏感</span></b>,而這個應得而未得的收益,就是經濟學上所說的「機會成本」。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">例如研究所一年學雜費要50000元,買書要5000元,那麼唸兩年要多少錢?計算能力很好的妳很快的算出11萬,但其實不只11萬,還要加上沒去唸研究所而去工作所賺到的錢和經歷。正常人常常忽略機會成本,想要做出對自己人生較有利的重的決定時,記住!不要當個正常人。<br /><br />(3)由於正常人對損失較敏感,對獲得較不敏感,所以<b><span style="color: #783f04;">對於相同的情況只要在文字敘述上稍做改變,很容易就會影響你的決策</span></b>。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">例如一台定價3000元的印表機,如果需要送貨上門需要加200元運費,這種情況下大多數人偏向選擇自己搬運,如果同一台印表機老板定價3200元,免費運送到家,但如果你要自己搬運可以退你200元,這種情況下大多數人偏向選擇免費運送。不管哪種情況都是代表自己搬印表機價值200元,但用不同的說法你的決定卻不同,因為前者是損失200元、後者是獲得200元,而你對前者比較在意。</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">所以作決策時要小心,不要因為換一個說法就改變自己的決定,同樣道理反過來到可以加以利用,就是<b><span style="color: purple;">強調不做事的成本和損失,比強調做一件事的好處更能有效使人去做你想要他做的事情</span></b>。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium; line-height: 28px;">行為決策學雖然反對傳統經濟學對正常人「理性」的假設,但其實兩者論點並不相衝突,反而相輔相成,讀完後反而對經濟學有更深的了解。書中用語淺顯易懂,讓你不用歷經艱澀的學術文字就能一窺諾貝爾獎級的精闢見解,加上例子貼近生活經驗,讓人有種恍然大悟,原來我就是那個正常的傻瓜的感覺。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: medium;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">近年來新理學與財務學、經濟學得結合,產生的行為經濟學、行為財務學、投資心理學等,都受到行為決策學的影響,所以看完本書一定可以對你在生活、工作、財務上有許多幫助。</span> </span><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 28px;">--</span></span></span><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 28px;"><b><span style="color: red;">本文部分內容摘自:</span></b><span style="color: red;"><b>《當正常的傻瓜》久石文化</b></span></span></span></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-53782342161503366312012-11-06T02:37:00.004+08:002012-11-06T03:18:17.879+08:00中东地图<a href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hqzx/wjdjt9/2009-06/22/content_8309868.htm">http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hqzx/wjdjt9/2009-06/22/content_8309868.htm</a><br />
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<a href="http://crystaldance.pixnet.net/blog/post/2349649-%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96">http://crystaldance.pixnet.net/blog/post/2349649-%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96</a><br />
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<img align="center" alt="中东地图" border="0" height="366" id="1596281" sourcedescription="编辑提供的本地文件" sourcename="本地文件" src="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hqzx/images/wjdjt9/images/attachement/jpg/site1/20090622/0023ae606e660ba99a2606.jpg" style="border: 0px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);" title="" width="549" /></center>
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中国日报网环球在线消息:“中东地区”或“中东” 是指地中海东部与南部区域,从地中海东部到波斯湾的大片地区,“中东”地理上也是非洲东北部与亚洲大陆西南部的地区。</div>
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中东名称的来源据说是:16-17世纪欧洲殖民者向东殖民时,把距离欧洲的地理位置按远近划分成了:近东,中东,远东。</div>
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(近东 (Near East),通常指地中海东部沿岸地区。包括非洲东北部和亚洲西南部。第二次世界大战後,此称已为「中东」取代,但两者常通用。)[the Near East] 欧洲人指亚洲西南部和非洲东北部地区,但伊朗除外。远东:西方国家开始向东方扩张时对亚洲最东部地区的通称。通常包括中国东部、朝鲜、韩国、日本、菲律宾和俄罗斯太平洋沿岸地区。)</div>
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中东大部分为西亚,但与西亚的区别是: 1.中东不包括地处外高加索的格鲁吉亚、亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆。 2.中东包括非洲国家埃及。 3.中东包括了土耳其的欧洲部分。</div>
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<span style="color: #000033;">中东是</span><span style="color: red;"><b>两洋三洲五海之地</b></span><span style="color: #000033;">,其处在联系亚欧非三大洲,沟通大西洋和印度洋的枢纽地位。其三洲具体指亚欧非三大洲,五海具体指里海,黑海,地中海,红海,阿拉伯海。交通便利,海陆空的路线,可顺利运送石油到各国。</span></div>
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“中东”不属于正式的地理术语。一般说来包括巴林、 埃及、 伊朗、伊拉克(专题,图库)、 以色列、 约旦、 科威特、 黎巴嫩、 阿曼、 卡塔尔、 沙特、叙利亚、阿联酋和也门,巴勒斯坦、马格里布国家(阿尔及利亚、利比亚、摩洛哥、突尼斯)以及苏丹、毛里塔尼亚和索马里,由于其历史文化原因一般认为属于中东国家,土耳其和塞浦路斯尽管地理上属于中东地区的一部分,但是他们自身认为属于欧洲;北边的阿富汗有时也与中东联系密切。</div>
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政治概念上的中东问题系指阿拉伯国家(包括巴勒斯坦)与以色列之间的冲突问题,也称巴以冲突。中东问题是列强争夺的历史产物,也是世界上持续时间最长的地区热点问题,至今已半个多世纪。中东问题的核心是巴勒斯坦问题。</div>
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<span style="color: #000033;">关于中东问题的历史沿革,不妨以“一、二、三、四”概而言之,那就是:</span><b><span style="color: red;">一个祖先,两个民族,三次流散,四次战争。</span></b></div>
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一个祖先,两个民族。巴勒斯坦古称迦南,其居民称迦南人,原是阿拉伯半岛闪族的一支。约公元前11世纪,爱琴海沿岸的腓力斯丁人移居迦南。公元前5世纪,希腊史学家希罗多德首次称该地区为“巴勒斯坦”,即希腊语“腓力斯丁人的土地”之意,一直沿用至今。</div>
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约公元前1900年,闪族的另一支在族长亚伯拉罕(即基督教、犹太教、伊斯兰教共同的先知)率领下,由两河流域的乌尔迁徙到迦南。据《圣经》所说,亚伯拉罕与其妻撒拉生子以撒,他们便是犹太人的祖先。后犹太人逃亡埃及,摩西率众出埃及返迦南,一直到二战后建立以色列国,都是源于这一支系。亚伯拉罕与其妾埃及人夏甲生子以实玛利,因被撒拉所不容,被赶至半岛,繁衍生息,他们便是半岛北阿拉伯人的祖先,伊斯兰教的先知穆罕默德即是其后裔。2002年11月,阿拉法特在会见中国中东特使后,针对以色列外长内塔尼亚胡威胁要把他赶走,激动地对记者说:“我是阿拉法特,我也是亚伯拉罕的子孙。”</div>
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中东地区的气候类型主要有热带沙漠气候、地中海气候、温带大陆性气候。其中热带沙漠气候分布最广。<br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-58555364998058745392012-11-06T02:10:00.000+08:002012-11-06T02:11:05.911+08:00美索不达米亚 Mesopotamia <a href="http://toefl.tiandaoedu.com/read/18138.html">http://toefl.tiandaoedu.com/read/18138.html</a><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 25px;">Mesopotamia 的背景:美索不达米亚亚洲西南部 Tigris['taigris]底格里斯河和 Euphrates[ju:'freiti:z] 幼发拉底河 两河流域间的古王国,美索不达米亚古代西南亚介于底格里斯河和幼发拉底河之间的一个地区,位于现在的伊拉克境内。可能在公元前 5000 年以前就开始有人在此定居。这一地区孕育了众多的人类早期文明,其中包括苏美尔文明、阿卡德文明、巴比伦文明和亚述文明。蒙古侵略者在公元 1258年破坏了该地区发达的灌溉系统之后,这一地区的重要性就此减小。其中巴比伦Babylon 文明以其成就斐然而成为两河流域文明的典范,古巴比伦王国与古埃及、古印度和中国构成了人们所说的世界四大文明古国。</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13.63636302947998px; line-height: 25px;">尼罗河文明:发源于非洲尼罗河(Nile)流域,又称古埃及文明,其历史也可追溯到公元前 4000 年。公元前 3100 年左右,上埃及国王美尼斯统一上下埃及,开始了史称的埃及王朝时期,也就代表了古埃及文明的正式开始。</span><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-18561629207188164552012-11-01T01:45:00.001+08:002012-11-01T01:45:56.043+08:00錢買不到的東西:金錢與正義的攻防<a href="http://lovelifelonglearning.blogspot.tw/2012/11/blog-post.html">http://lovelifelonglearning.blogspot.tw/2012/11/blog-post.html</a><br />
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">蘋果網路新聞:<b>夏姿王子豪辱警,捐</b></span><b><span lang="EN-US">400</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">萬元換免囚,罵員警「死胖子」判刊登頭版道歉,有錢可免坐牢?司法正義備受挑戰。</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">夏姿服飾小開王子豪,今年五月罵警察「死胖子」、「幹你娘」遭起訴,台北地院昨開庭,檢察官要求他開記者會道歉,且<b><span style="color: blue;">須捐款四百萬元,才同意讓他判處六個月以下徒刑、易科罰金十八萬元免坐牢</span></b>。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">楊智為</span><span lang="EN-US">vs</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">志工簡小妹官司:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">楊智為向臺灣板橋地方法院民事庭提出假處分。主要是希望法律約束簡小妹「不得於網際網路以文字、影音等方式,指摘或傳述足以貶損聲請人名譽之行為」。楊智為除了請專業律師團來告我之外</span><span lang="EN-US">(i-Talent*</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">官司</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">,還特地聲請假處分。臺灣板橋地方法院民事裁定為<b><span style="color: red;">定暫時狀態處分之原因,其釋明仍有不足,楊智為拿出新臺幣陸拾萬元提出擔保。</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="font-size: 10.399999618530273px;">楊智為拿出六十萬元做為擔保</td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">蘋果網路新聞:<b>葉國一</b></span><b><span lang="EN-US"> 7</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">億換免囚,吐還</span><span lang="EN-US">22</span></b><b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">戶炒房詐欺緩起訴。</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">英業達集團會長葉國一因以人頭低價收購士林官邸重劃區</span><span lang="EN-US">22</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">戶拆遷戶炒房,涉嫌詐欺,為免鋃鐺入獄,葉同意吐錢換自由,士林地檢署要他吐還北市府</span><span lang="EN-US">22</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">戶房產,並支付共</span><span lang="EN-US">5000</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">萬元創紀錄的緩起訴處分金後,昨給予葉及妻子、涉案會計</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">人緩起訴</span><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">年。檢方估計葉共吐出逾</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">億元買屋成本及稅捐,損失可能獲利</span><span lang="EN-US">4.1</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">億元,<b><span style="color: blue;">等於葉以</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">7.1</span></b><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">億的代價換取緩起訴,逃過最重可判</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">5</span></b><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">年的詐欺罪。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">………………………………………………………………….</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">從王子豪捐款四百萬元易科罰金十八萬免坐牢、楊智為拿出六十萬對簡小妹進行假處分、葉國一以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">7.1</span></b><b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">億的代價換取緩起訴,逃過最重可判</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">5</span></b><b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">年的詐欺罪來看,金錢交易的市場機制,已經滲透到日常生活的各面向,大舉侵入了原本非屬市場的領域。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">《錢買不到的東西:金錢與正義的攻防》</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">三十年前,沒有人認為:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">囚犯只要付費,就可以升等住進好的牢房;</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">病患只要多付費,可以獲得醫師的手機號碼,全年無休醫療諮詢;</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">役男不想當兵,政府可以花錢請外國傭兵去打仗;</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">富國的獵人只要付費,可以射殺瀕臨絕種的非洲黑犀牛。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">然而如今,這一切都已成真。</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">當金錢買不到的東西愈來愈少,我們面對的,不只是財富的分配不公,而是必須去思考市場的極限,以及我們要選擇怎樣的人生!當每樣東西都能買賣,是否有錢就有了天壤之別?當生命中各種美好事物都被標上價格,事物的價值也跟著變質了?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">從健康醫療、教育、法律、政治到人際關係,一旦事物變成了「商品」,就會失去某個很重要的「什麼」。過去我們不曾關注過這個問題,但也許這個「什麼」,正是建構一個美好社會所不可或缺的。我們應該自問:<b><span style="color: red;">世上有什麼東西是無論如何都不該用錢去買的?我們也必須決定,應該以什麼樣的價值來管理社會及公民生活的各領域。</span></b>當今的市場機制已與道德脫鉤,而我們需要將兩者重新連結起來--面對金錢的蔓延,我們必須選擇,如何劃定正義的防線,以守護我們都渴求實現的美好生活!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">以上部份摘自《錢買不到的東西:金錢與正義的攻防》</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-71436305771468679972012-10-28T16:32:00.001+08:002012-10-28T16:32:25.858+08:00《發現幸福》如何避開教養的危險陷阱<br />
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<a href="http://children-fortune.blogspot.tw/2012/10/blog-post_25.html">http://children-fortune.blogspot.tw/2012/10/blog-post_25.html</a></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 新細明體;">「教養」是多數人完全沒受過訓練、也沒做好準備的專業。雖然孩子們的體內有我們的基因,有時行徑卻跟外星人一樣。</span><span style="color: magenta; font-family: 新細明體;">孩子讓我們成長,挑戰我們並改變我們。</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">教養構築了多數人生活的重心,且通常會持續</span><span lang="EN-US">20</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">年以上,直到孩子獨立,離家生活為止。但父母的角色並未就此終止:多數美國人將花更多的時間跟成年後的孩子相處,直到子女步入中年。為期數十年的研究和普遍的經驗顯示,這句諺語說得真對:<span style="color: teal;">「要是孩子不快樂,你就怎麼也開心不起來。」</span>幾乎沒有其他經驗能比教養更令人振奮和喜悅,能比教養更具挑戰性和令人喪氣。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">在<span style="color: green;">《發現幸福》</span>一書中有部分著眼於教養兒童和青少年的課題,以及一些與成年子女有關的概念,並提出五個可以幫助你避開許多教養的危險陷阱:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">一、</span></b><b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">時間就是關鍵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">有沒有哪種行動方針既能營造慈愛的親子關係,又能充當問題警示系統,讓你和你的孩子一輩子緊緊相繫呢?專家們說:有,多陪陪孩子。如有必要,犧牲其他事物也無妨。<b><span style="color: red;">要一輩子關係親密,有一個重大因素無可替代:你的時間。</span></b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">在專家們的眼中,<span style="color: blue;">孩子最想要的不是你的錢,他們想要你跟他們在一起</span>。要兼兩份差事才能維持家庭生計的父母或許別無選擇,但如果你和你的配偶每週工作七十小時,是為了買消費品和度奢侈的假期,那你就誤用了你的時間。曾經千雅就教過這類家庭的孩子們,父母忙於事業的打拼,口口聲聲說愛孩子但卻花大筆錢送他們去名校、請一堆老師到家裡教學和送孩子到外面學才藝……等,卻很難撥出時間陪孩子,平常都是由阿嬤或是家中外傭陪伴,他們多數會寵孩子,這類的孩子也許知識性方面比同齡孩子佔有優勢,但是內心其實是缺乏愛的,而<span style="color: #993300;">內心的缺失並不是用外在就能衡量,它需要長時間的注入及陪伴</span>,好一點的家長若時間允許就只有孩子睡前的</span><span lang="EN-US">30</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">分鐘陪孩子,其實那是不夠的,平常的陪伴更是重要,<span style="color: #ff6600;">要真正了解我們的孩子,我們必須在恰當的時機出現在他們身邊</span>。我們的孩子有時會像蚌殼一樣緊緊關閉,雖然外面堅硬,裡面卻柔軟而脆弱,多陪伴孩子,他們會突然決定打開和你分享。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">親子關係的品質與相處時間成正比,這裡所說的時間通常是一起從事日常世俗活動的時間,而非難忘的「特殊場合」,我們要時常陪孩子參與活動,而那需要父母本人長時間在場,花時間陪孩子之所以至關重要,還有一個原因:<span style="color: red;">它可以做為問題萌生時的早期警示系統</span>,這點很重要,在孩子的成長階段陪伴他們,支持他們,否則你會無從得知他們要往哪裡去,他們喜歡什麼或不喜歡什麼,以及他們想投入時間做什麼與打算怎麼做。重點不在於活動,而是共享的時間。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">專家們對「時間就是關鍵」提出三大關鍵要點:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">第一:<span style="color: #993300;">孩子要的是你的時間</span>,而以後他們會珍愛地懷念你與他們共度的時光。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">第二:最重要的是<span style="color: #993300;">共同參與的活動</span>。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">第三:我們應該犧牲一些事物來爭取<span style="color: #993300;">陪孩子的時間</span>。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">二、</span></b><b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">偏心很正常,但千萬別表現出來</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">多數父母並不樂於探討他們是否喜歡某個孩子勝過於其他,然而一開始提到偏心問題時,幾乎每個父母的第一句話都會類似的說:「噢,沒有,我愛我的每一個孩子,每個都一樣。」但事實上,當你們聊的夠久時,他們就會吐露實情:<b><span style="color: red;">父母通常有偏愛的小孩</span></b>。比較常見的是,父母會在不同的生活領域有不同的偏愛。在現實世界,我們都知道凡事皆難講求公平。<span style="color: #ff6600;">孩子不僅是父母的骨肉,雙方也發展出人際關係。我們一旦涉及人際關係,就難免會喜歡某些人勝過於另一些人。</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">針對父母偏心的主題,學者們已進行數十年的研究,其中許多著眼於這種行為對兒童和青少年的影響。關於明顯偏心的消息很不妙:<span style="color: blue;">當孩子感覺父母不公平地對待各個孩子時,孩子比較可能會出現行為問題,心理健康較差,並且較早涉入青少年犯罪,</span>另外,<span style="color: #ff6600;">認為父母偏心的小孩也較容易和兄弟姐妹起衝突,較無法與他們發展愉快而支持的關係</span>。研究顯示:<span style="color: magenta;">這些問題會延攬到成年子女的身上</span>。其實,父母要做到絕對的公平是困難的,通常在重男輕女的家庭會更明顯;對於兄弟姐妹發生爭執時,若父母不論是非對錯的過於偏袒某一方,不找出問題的來源,長期對於不被偏愛的受害另一方,他們成年後通常也不願意多和家人接近,因為得不到支持及真理,反而愈接近愈傷痕累累,發展好的會判斷並尋求適合自己的社群,發展不好在心理上可能會出現許多反社會性格。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">乍看之下,父母對某個子女的偏愛或許不是什麼大問題,就算它已造成兄弟姐妹之間的對立。但它其實<span style="color: red;">有一個毀滅性的效應:它會致使手足之間漸行漸遠</span>。<span style="color: blue;">偏心會釀成疏遠,往後的人生將不再與兄弟姐妹分享時間、經歷和回憶。</span>之前有家長及朋友和我分享他們的家庭經驗</span><span lang="EN-US"> ( </span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">許多朋友和家長說我有諮商師的特質,有同理心且願意傾聽協助並瞭解核心問題,也許這和千雅一些經驗有關吧,哈!而千雅的工作,除了教導孩子之外,透過長期的教學,父母通常也會願意多分享他們的家庭、人生經驗…等</span> <span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">曾經他們提到偏心的問題,他們從小就知道父母偏愛其他手足,他們漸漸的學到「父或母不見得喜歡他們全部的孩子,而他們剛好就是不得父或母喜愛的小孩」,因為偏心也影響了兄弟姐妹的關係,嚴重一點,<span style="color: #ff6600;">手足也是會相殘的</span>,所以她們學習將手足逐出了她們的生命,<span style="color: magenta;">其實遠離原生家庭的孩子,不是只有他們的父母會難過,通常遠離的孩子他們的心是更痛的!</span>透過傾聽和引導,千雅也告訴這些家長學習不要對孩子們過於偏心且告訴朋友們未來有孩子避免過於偏心。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">針對「偏心」的主題,專家們還提供了所有年紀的父母都應該認真看待的兩個重要而複雜的人生課題:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">第一個課題:<span style="color: #993300;">少許程度的偏心很正常</span>,你幾乎無從避免,就算試著避免,八成也徒勞無功。不要擔心這點,覺得比較親近某個孩子很正常、很自然,沒有什麼好內疚的。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">第二個課題:<span style="color: #993300;">坦然接受你對孩子所有的誠實感覺,然而深埋起來</span>。還有,避免拿孩子做任何有高下之分的比較,身為父母你可以在心裡面想,但別說出來,最傷人的家庭經驗之一,就是不得寵的感覺。專家們提到,<span style="color: red;">就偏心這件事,誠實不是上上之策。</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">三、</span></b><b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">別打孩子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 新細明體;">體罰對孩子的人生會造成負面影響,遭到體罰的幼童會表現出較強的侵略性和反社會行為。</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">而孩子遭掌摑或毆打的頻率和嚴重程度愈高,對其心理健康的負面效應以及出現問題行為的可能性就愈大。研究顯示,體罰也和青少年及成年後較差的親子關係有關。最令人不安的是,經常遭受體罰的孩子較可能在成年後對自己的伴侶和</span><span lang="EN-US"> (</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">或</span><span lang="EN-US">) </span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">孩子施暴。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">那麼當孩子犯錯的時候如何處理,我們可以用<span style="color: blue;">行為改變技術</span>,所謂的<span style="color: blue;">行為改變技術是</span></span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 細明體;">應用實驗心理學行為原理,客觀而有系統、有步驟的處理行為的有效方法。</span><span style="font-family: 細明體;">比方說:增強<span lang="EN-US"> (</span>正和負<span lang="EN-US">)</span>、削弱、模仿……,瞭解孩子犯錯的原因,再給予適合的方式處理,才能有效減少犯錯的行為產生,若是用體罰的方式,也許短暫有效,但長時間而言是沒有效果,甚至會產生負效果,例如:說謊、不負責任……等。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">四、</span></b><b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">不計代價,避免產生裂痕</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: #ff6600; font-family: 新細明體;">在一些家庭,裂痕起因於父母與孩子在生活方式上的選擇。</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">「裂痕」一詞運用於社會學的世界時,意指人際關係發生破裂,導致人與人的疏離,但它在地理學上的定義,其實更加有力地凸顯專家所描述的效應:「<span style="color: #ff6600;">因受力、爆炸或緊繃而產生的斷裂,或分裂成兩個以上碎片的情況。</span>」裂痕可能發生在任何人身上、任何家庭之中,專家們提供三個「預防裂痕」的秘訣:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">秘訣一:及早發現潛在裂痕,加以消弭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">裂痕一旦出現,便有了自己的生命,會變得愈來愈難以修補。在早期徵象出現時,就要採取行動,但不是要去掌控孩子,而是要敞開心胸去瞭解,若是想掌控,潛在裂痕很可能變真的裂痕。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">祕訣二:裂痕一出現,就要立刻採取行動</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">此時雙方的觀點會很快變得激烈;不用多久,不去努力和好就會比試著和好來得容易了。若是此時有其他人瞎攪和,或是用其他不得體的方式,就只會讓情況愈來愈惡化,最好方式是雙方能推心置腹的談談,也許需要一些時間溝通,但是是值得一試的。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">秘訣三:當其他方法統統失敗,必須妥協的人通常是父母</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">這個建議聽起來有失公平;不過,在檢視有關兩代之間裂痕的紀錄時,專家發現如果出現裂痕時,要付出較高代價的人通常是父母。<span style="color: #ff6600;">父母為孩子付出的,遠比孩子能為父母奉獻的來得多</span>。事實上,老年學家稱此為<span style="color: green;">「兩代之間的風險」</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">(intergenerational stake)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">:父母通常較需要也較重視親子關係,因此如果關係惡化或崩解,父母失去的也比較多,還有一點尤其重要:裂痕一出現,他們與孫子的距離也會被拉遠,甚至永遠分開。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">這個訊息對所有年齡的為人父母者都十分重要:避免出現裂痕。有可能使你和某個孩子一刀兩斷的問題,隨時都可能發生。當然,如果孩子出現傷害或暴力行為時,為了父母的身心健康著想,適當的隔離是無可厚非的。雖然裂痕往往出現在當時看起來很重要的事情,但那些事情絕對不值得你一輩子承受分離之痛。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;">五、</span></b><b><span style="color: green; font-family: 新細明體;">著眼在與孩子一輩子的關係</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">爸媽照顧孩子是很重要的事,當孩子成年後親子可以處得好嗎?很簡單:彼此關愛,互相照顧。隨著你年歲漸長,你也可以向你的孩子學習</span><span lang="EN-US"> (</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">其實<span style="color: #ff6600;">從事教學過程當中,千雅也不斷在向孩子們學習</span>,學習是互相的而非只是單方面的教學而已</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">。世界已經改變,你不能封閉心靈,所以你要多聽、多看,要試著傾聽,聽聽孩子說些什麼,但千萬要記住,不要聽了只是更想控制他們或是說教。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: red; font-family: 新細明體;">做一個「夠好」的父母,意謂著允許孩子失敗。</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">讓孩子們試著自己做決定,雖然他們並非每次都能做出對的決定,但他們會從錯誤中學習,而這很重要。如果你從未犯錯,你就永遠不知道做事情有對的方法,也有錯的方法。你的方法不見得最好,但你將學會如何面對困難。</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">對於教育孩子,父母可以放輕鬆一點:放寬你的期望,從旁支持他們解決問題,而非追求完美。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><i><span style="font-size: medium;">在閱讀<span style="color: green;">《發現幸福》</span>一書,尤其是在「避開教養的危險陷阱」統整了很多事情,我們都曾經是個孩子,從原生家庭中成長,和父母及兄弟姐妹的相處,以及父母的教育及態度對我們有著深遠的影響,現在也深入學生的家庭,更能看清楚每個家庭不同的結構對孩子們的影響。</span></i></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">相信有些讀者已經為人父母或是從事教育相關工作者,不論是何者,千雅都和各位一同為教育努力和付出!</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Wingdings;">J</span></span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-size: medium;">參考書籍:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><a href="http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010558432" style="color: #6699cc; text-decoration: none;">《發現幸福》財信</a></span></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-81453020199586250002012-10-28T16:20:00.000+08:002012-10-28T16:20:46.542+08:00物以稀為貴<a href="http://lovelifelonglearning.blogspot.tw/2012/10/italent_28.html">http://lovelifelonglearning.blogspot.tw/2012/10/italent_28.html</a><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">古羅馬人曾說:「物以稀為貴。」</span></b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">史蒂芬.沃切爾教授曾經做過一項實驗,他將受試者分成兩組,讓他們去評斷同一種餅乾的品質。在第一組裡,他發給受試者一整盒餅乾;在第二組裡,他只發給受試者兩塊餅乾。實驗結果顯示:只拿到兩塊餅乾的這一組對餅乾品質的評價,遠遠高於拿到一整盒餅乾的那一組。這項實驗後來反覆進行多次,每次結果都相同。</span></div>
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<b><span style="color: red; font-family: 新細明體;">廣告推銷經常可以聽到「機會不多,敬請把握」這樣的台詞,一些賣場的促銷海報也常寫上「只剩今天」,藉以強調時間的緊迫性。</span></b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">像是</span><span lang="EN-US">iTalent</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">未來競爭力研習營在推銷時,也會運用到「愈少愈好:以稀為貴原則」</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">(1) </span><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">物以稀為貴,飲恨失之交臂</span></b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">。如:後補的同學。需打電話來詢問,提高進入門檻,需先經過父母同意。其實只要劃撥進來,可能不用問名額也可參加。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">(2) </span><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">數量有限</span></b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">:一班只有</span><span lang="EN-US">15</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">個名額、師大只有</span><span lang="EN-US">300</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">個位置、全台只有</span><span lang="EN-US">1200</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">同學能參與</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">名額有限,不是有錢就可以參加</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">等等之類的說法。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US">(3) </span><b><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">時間有限</span></b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">:<span style="color: blue;">只會宣導這一次</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">(</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">這輩子只有這次機會</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">)</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">、只有現在報名才享有優惠</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">(</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">網路報名貴,不一定會有名額</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">)</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">、繳費期限有限制</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">(</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">讓同學思考時間短,未想清楚為什麼想參加</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">)</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">另外,房屋仲介也用同樣的手法。每當某位買家似乎有點動心,一時又無法做決定,便會找機會跟買家說:「<span style="color: green;">早上已經有四組人馬都來看這間房子,有一對夫妻對於這間房子很有興趣。不曉得你對這間房子是否也有意思呢?</span>」當然,<b><span style="color: green;">所謂的四組人馬、有一對夫妻有興趣都是房屋仲介自己捏造的;有時候還會換成有位教授或科技新貴對這間房子有興趣。</span></b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: green;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="color: red; font-family: 新細明體;">無論如何,這招的確奏效,原本有心購買的買家,容易因此決定買進。因為買賣標的物有愈趨稀少的傾向。從客觀角度來看,這樣的決定沒什麼道理。<b>有興趣的買家要不就願意以談好的價錢買這間房子,要不就不願意買,根本不用管是否有幾組人馬來看過這間房子或是有誰對這間房子很有興趣。</b></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">由於愈少愈好:以稀為貴原則,難到手的東西比容易到手的東西好、當我們企圖擁有某物,被阻擋時會更加倍企圖擁有某物。<span style="color: blue;">心理學家稱其為「羅密歐與茱麗葉效應」</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;">(Romeo and Juliet effect)</span><span style="color: blue; font-family: 新細明體;">。莎士比亞筆下這對悲劇青年的愛情所以如此濃烈,就是因為他們的愛情是遭禁止的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: red; font-family: 新細明體;">要如何才能避免「稀少性謬誤」呢?當下情緒波動愈大,愈不要去做決定,我們對稀少性的典型反應就是失去清醒,等恢復理智再做決定。</span></b><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">問自己:「為什麼想參加這個課程?」「為什麼想買這間房子?」請用價格與效用評斷一件事物,不管它是否很稀少,或有沒有其他人也很想要它,那些都無關緊要。</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-43655012656022958012012-10-22T02:25:00.001+08:002012-10-22T02:25:37.248+08:00How to Make a Sugar-Free Sports Drink<a href="http://lowcarbdiets.about.com/od/beverages/a/sportsdrink.htm">http://lowcarbdiets.about.com/od/beverages/a/sportsdrink.htm</a>
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succumb the marketing behind sports drinks - that if we exercise, we NEED
sports drinks to replenish ourselves. It makes you wonder how athletes and
exercisers got through a workout without them 20 or 30 years ago?</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">However,
it's no surprise that there is a healthy dose of sugar in sports drinks. So
what's a low carbing exerciser to do? First, let's look at what sports drinks
contain, and how to approach getting our needs met in a lower carb (and much
less expensive) way.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Water<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Of course, the major component of sports drinks
is water. It's important to keep hydrated during exercise. It is possible,
however, to become TOO hydrated. The current recommendation is to let thirst be
your guide rather than "pushing" fluids.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sugar<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sports drinks have quite a lot of sugar, but
interestingly they have only about half the sugar of most other commercial
beverages. This is because if you load in too much sugar at once, it slows down
water absorption. Sugar is for taste, but also for fuel. For people who's
bodies are used to using carbohydrate for energy, it is helpful to have extra
sugar during heavy exercise. But what about people on low-carb diets?</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
issue of exercise with people who are restricting carbohydrates has not been
extensively studied. Preliminary studies show that when people cut carbs, their
bodies do change from using primarily carbohydrate for energy to using fat for
energy, although it can take 2-3 weeks for the body to make this change. We
know that native populations, such as the Inuit, who traditionally ate a very
low-carbohydrate diet, were and are able to maintain vigorous endurance
exercise for long periods without apparent ill effect. So it appears that over
time, bodies adapt to using fat for energy during exercise.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt;">
<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">For any
one person, I think experimenting is in order. It's very unlikely that moderate
exercise would make you need extra carbohydrate if you are used to eating a
low-carb diet. For more vigorous workouts, try different amounts of carb and
see how you feel. However, there's no reason to have to drink a sugary drink.
Why not have a piece of fruit and get some nutrition with that sugar?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Electrolytes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Electrolytes are molecules of certain minerals
that have an electrical charge. Our nervous system runs on the electricity
generated by the manipulation of these molecules, called ions. This means that
every function in the body that is dependent upon our nervous system (muscle
movement, breathing, digestion, thinking, etc.) requires electrolytes, and the
body places a priority on managing them. Electrolytes also are used to regulate
the fluid balances in the body. Electrolytes include ions of calcium,
magnesium, potassium, sodium, and chloride.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">How do
our bodies get electrolytes?</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">We get
these minerals through the food we eat, and lose them through excretion in
various ways. Our sweat contains sodium, chloride, and potassium. These
minerals are common in food. Sodium chloride is table salt, and both sodium and
chloride are found in many, if not most, foods. Potassium is found in a wide
variety of fruits, vegetables, meats, legumes, and nuts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">How
much sweating to we need to do before lost minerals need replacement?</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Under ordinary conditions, it's not a problem. Eating a balanced
diet will supply the body with plenty of minerals for our electrolyte needs if
we are getting a moderate amount of exercise. However, endurance athletes who
exercise strenuously for long periods may need extra salt and potassium, as
they can sweat quarts of water per day. Sports drinks contain small amounts of
sodium and potassium.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sodium
-</span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8 oz of a typical sports
drink contains 110 mg of sodium. This is the amount of sodium in a small pinch
of salt. A teaspoon of salt contains 2300 mg of sodium, so basically you need
1/20th of a teaspoon of salt - not much! Half an ounce of salted peanuts (about
14 peanuts) has this much sodium, and also about 90 mg of potassium.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Potassium -</span></b><b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">8 oz of
a typical sports drink contains 30 mg of potassium. A cup of tea has 88 mg of
potassium. A small peach has 150 mg.</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><a href="http://lowcarbdiets.about.com/od/nutrition/a/potassiumfood.htm"><span style="color: #3366cc; font-family: "inherit","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">More
high potassium low-carb foods</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .25in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: .25in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt; mso-outline-level: 3;">
<b><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">How to
Make Low-Carb Sports Drink<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It turns out that two tablespoons of lemon
juice contain almost exactly the amount of potassium in 8 oz of a typical
sports drink. So, if you want to make your own low-carb sports drink, it's
quite easy. Just mix together:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="background: white; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 12.0pt; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-line-height-alt: 6.85pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">1 cup (8 oz) water (not carbonated)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">2 Tablespoons lemon juice<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">small pinch of salt<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Flavoring and sweetener to taste<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Flavoring Ideas:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Crystal Light Drink Mix<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unsweetened Kool Aid (with sugar substitute to taste)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 8.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "inherit","serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sugar-Free Flavored Syrups such as Da Vinci or Torino<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17010437438107529149noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6018338221788763788.post-85418786771171103072012-10-17T03:21:00.000+08:002012-10-17T03:21:38.963+08:00雜貨店老闆跟沃爾瑪的共同敵人<a href="http://www.businessweekly.com.tw/blog/article.php?id=2242">http://www.businessweekly.com.tw/blog/article.php?id=2242</a>
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在多年爭論後,印度政府終於宣布開放外資零售商。此舉遭到嚴重反對,人們認為,家樂福和沃爾瑪等大型超市,會讓目前主導印度零售業的小商店死無葬身之地。9月20日,反對黨發起的全國大罷工,讓全國多數城市和鄉鎮陷入癱瘓。</div>
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關於開放外資零售商的爭論,其中一方說,印度需要把供應鏈變得現代化,另一方則希望保護小商店主的生計。支持政府決定者指出,印度供應鏈浪費太大,只有大型國際零售連鎖的財務實力和專業技能才能幫助印度供應鏈升級。反對者指出,在西方,大型連鎖店吞噬了傳統零售業。</div>
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但這一爭論沒有討論到最重要的關鍵點:「超市」本身無處不遭受線上購物的威脅。全世界的消費者都發現,他們可以通過網路獲得幾乎是「無限」的選擇——包括大型零售商根本無法供應的個性化商品和服務。</div>
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因此,大超市突然發現,自己的業務模式不靈了。它們驚恐地看到,正在成為世界第一大線上零售商的亞馬遜將連鎖書店Borders推向破產,它們害怕自己會成為下一個。據報導,由於擔心自己的銷售被侵蝕,沃爾瑪已經停止出售亞馬遜的Kindle平板電腦。</div>
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事實上,在印度政府做出接受外國零售商的決定的同時,法國零售商家樂福宣布將在今年年底關閉在新加坡的大量業務。與此同時,英國零售商特易購(Testo)正在從大型超市模式轉型,大力投資線上購物系統。很明顯,零售業框架正在改變。</div>
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既然如此,印度大可以跳過「超市」,直接進入線上購物階段,正如其跳過市內電話,直接進入手機時代。當然,在不少地區,超市仍能表現出色,但它們已不可能主宰印度零售業。</div>
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對小商店主來說,這既是挑戰,也是機會。挑戰在於線上購物的崛起將增加競爭壓力,不管大型外國零售商是否進入市場。出於對數位化的不信任,印度人仍對線上購物充滿懷疑,但近幾年來,城市中產階級越來越習慣上網買機票、訂飯店、買書。隨著物品的豐富和技術成本的下降,越來越多人有機會進行線上購物。改變已經無法阻擋。</div>
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這一改變為小商店開啟了機會之門。從國際經驗中可以看到,線上購物對超市的影響大於社區商店,後者通常可以提供送貨上門、接受先訂貨後付款,並可以作為維繫個人社會關係的場所。本地商店還可以利用網路,根據客戶口味訂定更精確的物品種類。</div>
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換句話說,小商店只要適應了新環境,就會比大零售商更有能力立足。事實上,小商店的優勢是如此明顯,以至於特易購對其便利店網絡Tesco Express進行了大規模投資擴張,大舉模仿傳統的本地雜貨店模式。</div>
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因此,印度關於開放外國零售商進入市場的政治爭論儘管熱度很高,卻已註定是白吵一場。真正的問題是,當消費者跳過超市走向線上購物時,印度破敗的供應鏈怎樣做出反應。沒有任何國家打造了直接用於線上零售的物流網絡。對投資者和企業來說——或許還包括印度的小店主——這才是真正有趣的機會所在。</div>
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